Cave-Associated Disease Database
The following HTML format table is the current contents of the Cave-Associated Disease Database. The database itself is an "Access" database plus a corresponding physical collection of printed materials. In most cases the item in the physical collection is a copy of the journal article itself. In some cases the document in the collection is only an abstract or even only a bibliographic citation.

Contribution of additional items is hereby requested. Any published item concerning a disease and its association with any kind of cave is appropriate. However, articles about diseases associated with caves, but that make no reference to caves or that association, are not included here.

For those with access to Microsoft Access (sounds redundant, doesn't it) I am working on a way this database can be downloaded in that format. However, just providing a link to the file doesn't seem to work.

cave-disease-Table2
ID1 ID Author Year Title Journal Publication Facts Disease(s) Publication type Publication status language abstract availability and language link to caves reservoir vector/fomite keywords assigned by author database call number contributor comments by database editor miscellaneous notes
1 22 Rojas, J.C., Malo, E.A., and Espinoza-Medinilla, E. 1989 Sylvatic focus of Chagas' disease in Oaxaca, Mexico Annals of Tropical medicine and Parasitology 83(2), 115-120 American Trypanosomiasis research journal peer reviewed Medline, text bats, other small mammals Reduvid flies AT.1989.1
2 36 Schweigmann, N.J., Alberti, A., Pietrokovsky, S., Conti, O., Riarte, A., Montoya, S., and Wisnivesky-Colli, C. 1992 A new host of Trypanosoma cruzi from Jujuy, Argentina: Octodontomys gliroides (Gervais & D'Orbigny, 1844) (Rodentia, Octodontidae). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 87(2),217-220. American Trypanosomiasis abstract Medline Octodontomys glidoides AT.1992.1
3 37 Omah-Maharaj, I. 1992 Studies on vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi in Trinidad, West Indies Medical and Veterinary Entomology 6(2),115-120. American Typanosomiasis abstract Medline Panstrongylus geniculatus AT.1992.2
4 25 Panagiou, A., Savvaidis, I., Theodorou, D., and Bezirtzoglou, E. 1995 Influence of light on the presence of Clostridium perfringens in caves. Clinical Infectious Diseases 20(Suppl 2), S380-S381. Clostridium research journal peer reviewed no fecal material C.1995.1
5 21 Swanepol, R., Leman, P.A., Burt, F.J., Zachariades, N.A., Braack, L.E.O., Ksiazek, T.G., Rollin, P.E., Zaki, S.R., and Peters, C.J. 1996 Experimental inoculation of plants and animals with Ebola virus Emerging Infectious Diseases 2(4), 321-325. Ebola research journal peer reviewed Medline, text bats E.1996.1 full text also available via Medline
6 23 Herbold, J.R., Heuschele, W.P., Berry, R.L., and Parsons, M.A. 1983 Reservoir of St. Louis encephalitis virus in Ohio bats. American Journal of Veterinary Research 44(10), 1889-1893. St. Louis encephalitis research journal peer reviewed Medline,text bats Culex mosquito EN.1983.1
7 33 Balabanoff, V.A. 1967 Comparative studies of dermatophytes isolated from caves and stables in Bulgaria Mycopatholo Mycol Appl 32(3), 237-248 Skin fungus citation French no F.1967.1
8 55 ? 1988 Cave-associated histoplasmosis - Costa Rica Archives of Dermatology 124,994. Histoplasmosis Brief reportt no H.1988.3 W.C.Lewis This article is identical to H.1988.1
9 1 Halliday, W.R. 1949 Cave sickness National Speleological Society Bulletin 11,28-30. Histoplasmosis newsletter no guano aerosol H.1949.1
10 2 Halliday,W.R. 1949 Cave Sickness National Speleological Society Bulletin 11,28-30. Bad air newsletter no H.1949.1
11 6 Hasenclever, H.F., Shacklette, M.H., Young, R.V., and Gelderman, G.A. 1967 The natural occurrence of Histoplasma capsulatum in a cave American Journal of Epidemiology 86(1), 238-252. Histoplasmosis research journal peer reviewed no bats aerosol H.1967.1
12 26 Shacklette, M.H., and Hasenclever, H.F. 1968 The natural occurrence of Histoplasma capsulatum in a cave:3. Effect of flooding American Journal of Epidemiology 88(2), 210-214. Histoplasmosis research journal peer reviewed text animals, guano air, soil contact, H.1968.1
13 7 Disalvo, A.F., Bigler, W.J., Ajello, L., Johnson, J.E., and Palmer, J. 1970 Bat and soil studies for sources of Histoplasmosis in Florida Public Health Reports 85(12), 1063-1069. Histoplasmosis research journal peer reviewed no bats, soil H.1970.1
14 45 ? 1975 Histoplasmosis in the caves of Puerto Rico Bol Col Prof Enferm PR 1(3),24-26. Histoplasmosis citation ? Spanish no H.1975.1
15 56 Isbister, J., Elliott, M., and Nogrady, S. 1976 Histoplasmosis: an outbreak occurring among young men who visited one cave. Medical Journal of Australia 2(7), 243-248. Histoplasmosis research journal peer reviewed Medline, text H.1976.1 W.C.Lewis
16 8 Carvajal Zamora, J.R. 1977 Isolation of Histoplasma capsulatum from soil in the Aguas Buenos Caves, Aquas Buenos, Puerto Rico. I. An ecological approach. Mycopathologica 60(3), 157-161. Histoplasmosis research journal peer reviewed Medline, text soil H.1977.1
17 9 Carvajal Zamora, J.R.. 1977 Isolation of Histoplasma capsulatum from the air in the Aquas Buenas caves, Aguas Buenas, Puerto Rico Mycopathologica 60(3), 163-165. Histoplasmosis research journal peer reviewed Medline, text aerosol H.1977.2
18 11 Quinones, F., Koplan, J.P., Pike, L., Staine, F., and Ajello, L. 1978 Histoplasmosis in Belize, Central America American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 27(3), 558-561. Histoplasmosis research journal peer reviewed medline, text, bats, soil H.1978.1
19 13 Lottenberg, R., Waldman, R.H., Ajello, L., Hoff, G.L., Bigler, W., and Zellner, S.R. 1979 Pulmonary histoplasmosis associated with exploration of a bat cave. American Journal of Epidemiology 110(2), 156-161. histoplasmosis research journal peer reviewed medline,text bats H.1979.1
20 12 Hunt, P.J., Harden, T.J., Hibbins, M., Pritchard, R.C., Muir, D.B., and gardner, F.J. 1984 Histoplasma capsulatum. Isolation from an Australian cave environment and from a patient. medical Journal of Australia 141(5), 280-283. Histoplasmosis research journal peer reviewed Medline, text mice,soil H.1984.1
21 10 Sacks, J.J., Ajello, L., and Crockett, L.K. 1986 An outbreak and review of cave-associated histoplasmosis capsulati. Journal of Medical and veterinary Mycology 24(4), 313-325. Histoplasmosis research journal peer reviewed Medline, text bats, guano direct contact with guano H.1986.1
22 54 Unknown 1988 Leads from the MMWR. Cave-associated histoplasmosis - Costa Rica Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 37, 312-313. Histoplasmosis Brief report no H.1988.1 W.C.Lewis
23 53 ? 1988 cave-associated histoplasmosis - Costa Rica Archives of Dermatology 124(7), 994. Histoplasmosis Citation no H.1988.2
24 46 Fernandez Andreu, C.M. and Martinez Martin, G. 1992 The sources of histoplasmosis infection on the Isla de la Juventud, Cuba. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 34(5),441-446. Histoplasmosis Abstract Spanish Medline bats H.1992.1
25 47 Gorson, S.M. 1993 Disseminated Histoplasma capsulatum after Cave Exploration The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal 12(1),102. Histoplasmosis no H.1993.1
26 48 Taylor, M.L., Pedroza-Seres, M., Gamez-Aranda, A. and Toriello, C. 1993 Retrospective serological study of histoplasmosis in Mexico. Mycoses 36(1-2), 25-30. Histoplasmosis Abstract Medline H.1993.2
27 49 Suzaki, A., Kimura, M., Kimura, S., Shimada, K., Miyaji, M., and Kaufman, L. 1995 An outbreak of acute pulmonary histoplasmosis among travelers to a bat-inhabited cave in Brazil Kansenshogaku Zasshi 69(4), 444-449. Histoplasmosis Abstract Japanese Medline bat guano H.1995.1
28 50 Taylor, M.L., Granados, J. and Toriello, C. 1996 Biological and sociocultural approaches of histoplasmosis in the State of Guerrero, Mexico. Mycoses 39(9-10), 375-379. Histoplasmosis Abstract Medline H.1996.1
29 34 van Crevel, R., van der Ven, A.J., Meis, J.F., and Kullberg, B.J. 1997 Acute pulmonary histoplasmosis as an imported disease Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 141(25), 1242-1244. Histoplasmosis citation and abstract Dutch Medline bat inhalation H.1997.1
30 51 Kalunda, M., Mukwaya, L.G., Mukuye, A., Lule, M., Sekyalo, E., Wright, J., and Casals, J. 1986 Kasokero virus: a new human pathogen from bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus) in Uganda. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 35(2), 387-392. Kasokero Abstract Medline bats K.1986.1
31 35 Vattier, G. 1966 Contribution to the biological study of the troglobe sand flies of the caves of Congo-Brazzaville CR Acad Sci Hebd Seances Acad Sci D 262(16),1725-1727. Leishmaniasis citation French no phlebotomine sandfly L.1966.1
32 38 Rogo, L.M. 1983 Record of Phlebotomous (Larroussius) pedifer and Phlebotomous (Larroussius) elgonensis inside the same cave Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 77(6), 878-879. Leishmaniasis citation no L.1983.1
33 16 Leng, Y.J. 1987 A preliminary survey of phlebotomine sandflies in limestone caves of Sichuan and Guizhou Provinces, south-west China, and description and discussion of a primitive new genus Chinius. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 81(3),311-317. Leishmaniasis research journal peer reviewed Medline,text phlebotomine sandfly L.1987.1
34 39 Sang,D.K. 1987 Studies on cutaneous leishmaniasis in kenya (Leishmaniasis) Dissertation Abstracts 50-11B,4993. Leishmaniasis Abstract of dissertation Dissertation Abstracts International sandfly L.1988.1
35 40 Apiwathnasorn, C., Sucharit, S., Rongsriyam, Y., Leemingsawat, S., Kerdpibule, V., Deesin, T., Surathin, K., Vutikes, S., and Punavuthi, N. 1989 A brief survey of phlebotomine sandflies in Thailand. Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health 20(3), 429-432. Leishmaniasis abstract Medline sandfly L.1989.1
36 41 Dyce, A.L., and Wellings, G. 1991 Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera:Psychodidae) from caves in Australia Parasitologia 33 Suppl, 193-198 Leishmaniasis abstract Medline L.1991.1
37 14 Sang, D.K., Okelo, G.B., and Chance, M.L. 1993 Cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania aethiopica on Mount Elgon, Kenya Annals of Tropical medicine and Parasitology 87(4), 349-357. Leishmaniasis research journal peer reviewed Medline, text Hyrax phebotomine sandfly L.1993.1
38 15 Sang, D.K. and Chance, M.L. 1993 Studies on the Phelbotomine fauna of Mount Elgon, Kenya Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 87(5),509-515. Leishmaniasis research joiurnal peer reviewed medline,text phlebotomine sandfly L.1993.2
39 42 Sang, D.K., Okelo, G.B., Ndegwa, C.W., and Ashford, R.W. 1993 New foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in central Kenya and the Rift Valley Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 87(6), 629-632 Leishmaniasis abstract Medline sandfly L.1993.3
40 43 Sang, D.K., Njeru, W.K., and Ashford, R.W. 1994 A zoonotic focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania tropic at Utut, Rift valley Province, Kenya Transactions of Royal Society on Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 88(1), 35-37. Leishmaniasis abstract Medline sandfly L.1994.1
41 44 Jin, C., Xiong, G., Hong, Y., Su, Z., Li, G., and Gao, B. 1995 Studies on the bionomics of Phlebotomous chinensis in mountain cave and its relation to control in northern Sichuan Chung Kuo Chi Sheng Chung Hsueh Yu Chi Sheng Chung Ping Tsa Chih 13(4), 273-276. Leishmaniasis abstract Chinese Medline sandfly L.1995.1
42 17 Gebre-Michael, T. and Lane, R.P. 1996 A new sandfly species,Phlebotomus (Larroussius) ashfordi (Diptera,Psychodidae) from Ethiopia, previously confused with P.(L.) aculeatus. Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 90(5), 523-531. Leishmaniasis research journal peer reviewed Medline,text phlebotomine sandfly L.1996.1
43 19 Stark, H.E. and Kinney, A.R. 1969 Abundance of rodents and fleas as related to plague in Lava Beds National Monument, California Journal of Medical Entomology 6(3), 287-294 Plague research journal peer reviewed text wood rat, rodents flea P.1969.1
44 18 Nelson, B.C. and Smith, C.R. 1976 Ecological effects of a plague epizootic on the activities of rodents inhabiting caves at Lava Beds national Monument, California Journal of Medical Entomology 13(1), 51-61 Plague research journal peer reviewed text wood rat, rodents flea P.1976.1
45 52 Brown, R.C. 1971 Pre-exposure rabies prophlaxis in amateur spelunkers. Journal of the American College Health Association 20(2),132-134. Rabies Citation no R.1971.1
46 4 Fischman, H.R. 1976 Consideration of an association between geographic distribution of caves and occurrence of rabies in foxes. Journal of the American Veterenary Medicine Associationi 169(11), 1207-1213. Rabies research journal peer reviewed Medline, text foxes aerosol, food, bats R.1976.1
47 3 Fischman, H.R. and Young, G.S. 1976 An association between the occurrence of fox rabies and the presence of caves. Geographic relationships. American Journal of Epidemiology 104(6),593-601. Rabies research journal peer reviewed no foxes aerosol, food, bats R.1976.2
48 29 Steece,R. and Altenbach, J.S. 1989 Prevalence of rabies specific antibodies in the Mexican free-tailed bat (Tadarida brasiliensis mexicana) at Lava Cave, New Mexico. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 25,490-96. Rabies research journal peer reviewed text bats bite, aerosol, food R.1989.1
49 5 Dutta, J.K., Dutta, T.K. and Das, A.K. 1992 Human rabies: modes of transmission Journal of the Association of Physicians of India 40(5), 322-324. Rabies research journal peer reviewed Medline, Text bats aerosol, bite R.1992.1
50 31 Francis,E. 1938 Longevity of the tick Ornithodorus turicata and of Spirochaeta recurrentis within this tick Public Health Reports 53, 2220-2247. Relapsin fever research journal peer reviewed no ticks studied were collected from caves tick tick RF.1938.1
51 30 Eads, R.B., Henderson, H.E., McGregor, T., and Irons, J,V. 1950 Relapsin fever in Texas:distribution of laboratory confirmed cases and the arthropod reservoirs. American Journal of Tropical Medicine 30,73-76. Relapsing fever research journal peer reviewed text bat, pack rat, prairie dog, rodents, domestics tick RF.1950.1
52 27 Eads, R.B. 1952 Ticks and relapsing fever Texas Health Bulletin 5(8),18-22. Relapsing fever research journal no small mammals ticks RF.1952.1
53 28 Eads, R.B. 1952 Ticks and relapsing fever Texas Health Bulletin 5(8),18-22. Typhus research journal no small mammals louse,flea RF.1952.1 article is mainly about relapsing fever, typhus is mentioned secondarily
54 32 Reddell, J.R. 1988 Relapsing fever in Texas caves The Texas caver Dec 1988, 125;133. Relapsing fever newsletter goats, raccoons ticks RF.1988.1 article in hand is poor quality
55 20 Engel, T. 1997 Coon Crap Caver's Digest 5512, Topic 10 Raccoon Roundworm newsletter raccoon feces RR.1997.1 response to inquiry about raccoon roundworm hazard
56 24 de la Cruz, J., and Daniel, M. 1994 Chigger mites(Acarina:Leeuwenhoekiidae) from Cuba Folia Parasitologica 41,71-74 Chigger bite alergy, Scrub typhus research journal peer reviewed Medline, text bats,guano chigger mite chigger mites,Acarina, Leeuwenhoekiidae, bats, Cuba ST.1994.1 article makes no connection to disease. However, mites are known to carry disease.
57 Jasek, J. 1957 A case of relapsing fever. The Texas caver 2(1),11. Relapsing fever newsletter ticks RF.1957.1 This is a very brief case report with little detail.
58 Miki, T. and Ikeya, M. 1980 Accumulation of atmospheric radon in calcite caves. Health Physics 39(2),351-354. Radon exposure Citation no RA.1980.1
59 Kobal, I. Smodis, B. and Skofljanec, M. 1986 Radon-222 air concentrations in the Slovenian karst caves of Yugoslavia. Health Physics 50(6), 830-834. Radon exposure Citation no RA.1986.1
60 Kobal, I., Smodis, B., Burger, J. and Skofljanec, M. 1987 Atmospheric 222Rn in tourist caves of Slovenia, Yugoslavia. Health Physics 52(4), 473-479. Radon exposure Abstract Medline RA.1987.1
61 Hyland, R. and Gunn, J. 1994 International comparison of cave radon concentrations identifying the potential alpha radiation risks to British cave users Health Physics 67(2), 176-179. Radon exposure Abstract Medline RA.1994.1
62 Szerbin, P. 1996 Radon concentrations and exposure levels in Hungarian caves. Health Physics 71(3), 362-369. Radon exposure Abstract Medline RA.1996.1
63 Fincham, A.G. 1978 Histoplasmosis in Jamaican Caves Transactions of the British Cave Research Association 5,225-228. Histoplasmosis research journal peer reviewed text H.1978.2 A.G. Fincham
64 Fincham, A.G. and DeCeulaer, K. 1980 Histoplasmin sensitivity among cavers in Jamaica West Indian Medical Journal 29,22-27. Histoplasmosis research journal peer reviewed text H.1980.1 A.G. Fincham
65 Fincham, A.G. 1998 A word about histoplasmosis Jamaica Underground. The caves, sinkholes and underground rivers of the island. 2nd ed. University of West Indies Press Histoplasmosis Portion of book chapter H.1998.1 A.G. Fincham
66 Washburn, A.H., Tuohy, J.H., and Davis, E.L. 1948 Cave sickness: a new disease entity? American Journal of Public Health 38, 1521-1526. Histoplasmosis Citation